Potencial tecnológico de espécies arbóreas por tomografia de impulso para auxiliar no manejo florestal na Amazônia

Abstract

The Amazon, with its vast biodiversity, is much coveted for exploration, but is little studied due to its vast extent and diversity. This timber diversity in the Amazon causes the species to present characteristics differentiated from each other, having consecrated species and others unknown. However, today we see a change, because today there is a rich debate in Brazilian society about the future of our tropical forest. Forest Management is no longer a technical term and meaning only for forestry, bringing the paradigm of sustainable development to a practical form of employment. The low technological index of the machinery, of species knowledge and even of a programming in the previous orientation of cut, increases the waste that ends up compromising the economic and environmental sustainability logging. The use of new technologies in forest management can help reduce wood waste, time and improve the technological investment in each sector of work. As an example of a new technology can be cited to impulse tomography, which is a non-destructive method of analysis, which gives a transverse view of the tree. With the aid of the tomography can make a better schedule for the removal of the species from the field. Assuming whether the tree really should be explored or whether its standing would be better for sustainability. With the implementation of technology in the management of tropical forests, a promising future can be seen with the reduction of the waste generated in the tree harvesting, with the optimization of the decision making in the best employability of wood species. The research was carried out in the area of forest management of the company Mil Madeiras Preciosas Ltda., Located in the municipality of Itacoatiara metropolitan region of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas, on the highway AM 010 km 270. With the aid of the tomograph, which is a non-destructive method, the trees were evaluated in the exploration area before clearing. The tomography analysis also took into consideration the geometry of the tree, and it is possible to analyze the differentiation of the pixel coloration in each tree, which were later compared with a photograph of the tree stem, already felled. In the visual analysis, the results show similarity to the image by impulse tomography. The propagation speed averages showed that the reduction in velocity is related to the presence of hollows in the tree. The images worked on the Image J software showed the deteriorated percentage in the shaft of the tree when it had deterioration and the volumetry calculated with the tomograph was approximated with the one obtained by the geometric volume used by the company. The use of tomography assists in the forest management and guarantees the best use of the wood, guaranteeing less waste.