Crescimento vegetativo sazonal de Coffea canephora associado a dois manejos hídricos na Amazônia Sul-Ocidental

Abstract

The vegetative growth of orthotropic stems and plagiotropic branches of coffee trees of the species Coffea canephora, botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta, was evaluated in irrigated and non-irrigated plants, within the rainy and dry seasons. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, Brazil, during two periods, from October 2019 to October 2021. Growth rates (mm day-1) were measured every fourteen days and seasonal growth of the branches was plotted in series graphs. Mean growth rates for each type of branch were compared using Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The vegetative growth was seasonal during the evaluation periods and seasons and varied according to genetic material and irrigation use. Growth rates were higher in the rainy season, regardless of water management and botanical variety. The irrigation of coffee trees carried out during times of high temperatures and strong water deficit provided greater growth in relation to non-irrigated plants. The dammed growth in the dry season was compensated by the high growth rates in the rainy season and that Robusta coffee trees, in conditions of water availability, by rain or irrigation, tend to grow more than the Conilon botanical variety, in the climatic conditions of the South-Western Amazon.