Elaboração de nutracêutico à base de camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) Mc Vaugh), açaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) e guaraná (Paullinia cupana) com efeito hipolipemiante

Abstract

The productive diversification in the Amazon region is favored by the abundance and availability of products, and biotechnology has stood out as an alternative in the innovative process of quality and sustainable economic development. Based on this view, it is expected that the bioproducts of this biome may favor the treatment of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCD). In this context, the objective of this project was to verify the in vitro and in vivo biological and chemical activities of the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) based on camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh), açaí (E. precatoria Mart.) and guaraná (Paullinia cupana) in the treatment of dyslipidemias. The enzymatic inhibition assays were performed by indirect fluorimetric method and the tests of cell viability, antioxidants by colorimetric assays and the analyzes of ascorbic acids (AA) and β-carotene, and of the minerals were by HPLC and spectrometry, respectively. The evaluation of the formulation on the murinometric and biochemical measurements were performed in preclinical trials with rats (n=30) of the Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus), male and female, divided into five groups (G) randomly (n = 6) : G1 control, G2 induced obesity with experimental diet (hypercaloric and hyperlipidemic), G3 induced obesity with experimental feed intake and supplemented with simvastatin (50 mg/kg/day, and G4 and G5 were induced to obesity with the experimental diet was supplemented with 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day of the formulation, respectively. Biochemical parameters were evaluated in rats plasma by means of appropriate kits. In this study, the formulation showed free radical scavenger activity in the tests of ABTS · +, DPPH · and FRAP (1,245.66 ± 1.93 Eq., IC50 = 24.30 μg / mL and 1,115.25, respectively). The formulation also exhibited cellulite antioxidant activity air in a concentration-dependent manner, in addition to not showing cellular cytotoxic effects, but did not inhibit the activities of digestive enzymes. However, the formulation significantly decreased (p <0.01), total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c, GOT and GPT (p <0.05), and significantly increased (p <0.05) to HDL-c, thus demonstrating antioxidant and lipid-lowering activities. These are probably related to the presence of AA, phenolic compounds and methylxanthines present in CHE, becoming an exceptional source of antioxidant and bioactive compounds, which are involved in important metabolic processes with respect to the control of dyslipidemias. In addition, the formulation did not cause chronic renal, hepatic and neurotoxic toxicity, confirming its exceptional beneficial effect on adipose, liver, kidney, spleen and heart tissues in the groups of rats treated with CHE daily for 35 days. These findings may support later clinical studies to better evaluate the potential of supplement on CNCDs, minimizing their complications and longer life expectancy.