Sustentabilidade Socioambiental na APA Caverna do Maroaga: A Viabilidade de Integração dos Sistemas Agroflorestais do Pau-rosa (Aniba Rosaeodora Ducke) como Catalisadores do Desenvolvimento Regional Local

Abstract

Rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) is among the oilseed species of the Amazon flora with economic potential. The non-rational exploitation of wild trees, throughout the Amazon region over the past decades, has favored the danger of extinction of this species, therefore the main objective aims to analyze the importance of integrating Agroforestry Systems with sustainable forestry management of rosewood in the EPA Maroaga’s Cave, highlighting how this integration could contribute to local regional development. The development of sustainable economic activities in the Brazilian Amazon is always a complex approach, whose characteristics vary according to the paradigm of the society-nature relationship. The socioeconomic profile of residents of the São Salvador Community and employees of agencies that work with the communities differs slightly, where lower income levels, finally, the main demands of residents, 57% are infrastructure (roads), as well as to employees of the agencies who responded in the same way, but with a frequency of 38%. In relation to socio-environmental perception, with the exploitation of the species very frequent in previous decades, interviewees have similar knowledge and perceptions, where 70% of interviewees have already seen the species, but 91% of these have never used it. Regarding agroforestry, 73% of community members in general have orchards and 27% have backyards. Among the products cultivated in community agriculture, cupuaçu prevails with 20%, followed respectively by scented pepper and murupi pepper, both with 16% of cultivation. Among extractivism products, not cultivated, we have the prevalence of buriti with 11% and bacaba with 9%. In addition to socioeconomic and environmental perception data, the association of bioeconomy with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) was presented. Finally, it is concluded that there is a lack of ethno-knowledge of the species on the part of the community, and that the sustainable integration of rosewood and agroforestry systems will only be successful with public policies that associate the bioeconomy of Amazonian traits with the SDGs, consequently, improving the infrastructure and socioeconomic indicators of the community.