Frutos nativos da floresta amazônica: contribuição ao estudo dos aromas e avaliação da atividade antioxidante

Abstract

The search for compounds with aromatic characteristics desirable and which have antioxidant activity, is widely exploited by industries, pharmaceutical and food flavoring. In order to find compounds that exhibit these characteristics, the fruits of the species Psidium acutangulum, Duroia macrophylla, Matisia cordata and Borojoa sorbilis were evaluated in this work. For the study of the volatile compounds was used the technique of solid-phase microextraction (SPME), using the gaseous chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometer for identification of constituents, and for assessment of antioxidant capacity were used the methods of capture of DPPH free radicals and ABTS. With the results obtained, it was possible to verify that the profile of volatile compounds identified in the peel and pulp of the fruit of Psidium acutangulum is highly complex, in the compound of the terpene class predominating, including β-elemene, α-copaene and α-selinene, the fruit pulp in the majority was the class of the esters, such as butyl octanoate, butyl n-hexanoate and ethyl octanoate. For the fruit of Duroia macrophylla, on peel and pulp, the main classes identified were acid, alcohol and ester, fatty acid, octanoic acid was the most abundant substance in both peel and pulp. In Matisia cordata the predominant class in the shell was of terpenes, highlighting the compound eucalyptol and pulp the main class was that of esters, ethyl benzoate was the main compound. For the Borojoa sorbilis fruit, the most abundant class on peel and pulp was the esters, methyl hexanoate, was the major compound. As the evaluation of antioxidant activity of fruits extracts Psidium acutangulum and Matisia cordata presented the best results compared to the standards used by the DPPH, ABTS and total phenols, highlighting the major activity of the extracts from the shells.