O abastecimento energético em cidades da linha do Gasoduto Urucu-Coari-Manaus

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation is to understand the supply and generation of electricity in the cities that had the territories involved in the Urucu-Coari-Manaus gas pipeline project. For the development of this work it was necessary to follow the procedures of theory and practice, from concepts and review of academic literatures such as articles, dissertations, theses and books that directly address our object of study. In addition to face-to-face research in the cities studied, where they developed direct observations, formal and informal conversations with clients and residents, technical visits to the plants and offices for the application of questionnaires to the managers and employees of Amazonas Energia of all the cities included in the research. In light of this, it has been found that electric energy presents itself over time as an essential element in economic, political and social development. Creating, therefore, possibilities that allow a new logic of space and time. The cities of the interior of the Amazon have environmental peculiarities and, for this reason, the energy distribution system is reproduced in most cases through isolated systems, thus differing from most of the country. From 2009, when they were closed the works of the Urucu-Coari-Manaus gas pipeline, a process of space restructuring began in the cities of Coari, Codajás, Anori, Anamã, Caapiranga, Manacapuru and Iranduba. Considering that, as a benefit of the works have covered areas of the municipalities, were built in four (4) thermoelectric plants powered by natural gas from Urucu. In view of this, the restructuring of the spaces was due to the extension of the electric network for branches near the cities, displacement of the power plants from areas towards forest regions away from urban centers, considerably reducing noise from old ones. In addition, as a result of the investments, jobs were offered that culminated in rents for each city. It was created, an expectation in the consumers for improvements in the system of distribution of energy. The most noticeable progress relates to environmental processes, given that the energy from natural gas is classified as cleaner. However, due to new situations that have been secondarily reproduced, highlighting the energy deviations and the lack of maintenance in the Light for All Program - PLPT, corruption, the index of dissatisfaction with services still prevails in most cities. Energy is a relevant element in the context of the cities of the Amazon, however, the lack of public policies in other sectors makes services insufficient. This dissertation, therefore, aims to understand the whole process of energy distribution in cities of influence of the Urucu-Coari-Manaus gas pipeline, understanding, thus, the urban dynamics that specializes in the cities involved