Estande de plantio, doses de N e K na fertilidade do solo, estado nutricional e produtividade da bananeira cv. Nanicão 2001 (Musa spp. Grupo AAA)

Abstract

This work had as objective to determine the doses of N and K that provide to the biggest productivity and better density of plantation for the CV. Nanicão 2001 in 1° cycle. The field experiment consisted of the evaluation of doses of N and K, three densities of plantation (3m x 1m, 3m x 2 m and 3m x 3m), in holes with of 50 x 50 x 50 cm. The experimental block design was a factorial scheme (3 x 4), with three doses of nitrogen (0, 267 and 534 kg ha-1 cycle, source: urea) and four doses of K2O (200, 800, 1600 and 2400 kg ha-1 cycle source: KCl) lead in three densities of plantation, with three replicates, had been used a cultivar Nanicão 2001 , Cavendish group, proceeding from tissue culture. the treatments had been parceled out at four times (plant mother), had been collected ground samples in the 20 depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, for determination of pH (water), P, K, Na, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ca, Mg, H+Al, total N and soil organic matter and vegetable tissue being used 3ª leaf for foliar diagnosis. The fruits had been analyzed how much to the diameter and length, the relations pulp/rind, number of fruits for hands, number of hands, length of the fruit, resistance of the pulp, soluble solid productivity, text (degree brix) and acidity. The results show that to get the maximum of productivity, independently of the doses of N and K, concentrations of P, Ca, Mg, S and of the micronutrients have that to be inside or a little above of the considered bands adequate. The soil chemical attributes (pH, P, Na, Ca, Mg, H+Al, Al, total N, SOM, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) had been influenced by the density of the plants and applied treatments (doses of N and K). With the increase of the plantation density it increases the yield, however, it draws out the annual productivity, with increase of the cycle; The soluble size of the cluster, number of hands, texture, acidity, solids had not presented correlation between itself and nor between foliar concentration of N and K in leaves and fruits. Which had not the significance between doses 267 and 534 kg ha-1 of N in the productivity, sends regards in the spacing 3m x 1m, to use the lesser dose of N, diminishing the raised cost of production of the banana plantation in the region, caused for the high price of fertilizers