Padrões de uso e sistemas de trabalho associados à diversidade vegetal no Amazonas: uma abordagem transdisciplinar

Abstract

Think about natural resources use allied with mega-diversity found in the Brazilian Amazon it require a rigorous look, once each social group acts and interacts differently with natural ambient. This interaction, determined by anthropic action and concretized in work’s form by productive activities, constitutes by self not just like a link between human and natural ambient as with your similar. However, anthropic actions often vary according to received incentives and thus can determine the action’s impact on certain area. The challenge currently shows for several professionals working on Amazon is how conciliate these actions in way that social-environmental impacts are reduced and economic benefits for local people and for other subjects involved are satisfactory. It is justly on this balance that work’s strategies should be define focused at sustainable development.Once anthropic actions occurs along productive activities and concretized by self necessarily by work’s form, it sought to analyze plants resources use and improvement strategies of work’s systems consistent with sustainable development by starting two primes activities developed at study area: extractivism and agriculture. The study was develop in two rural areas of Amazonas state, located at different distances from capital Manaus, being Costa da Terra Nova closest from Manaus than Tapuá State Forest. The data referring to resources uses were collect through ethnobothanical survey that sought to identify, categorize and relate plants resources of traditional knowledge that can be actuated during work activities. Strategies adopted by farmers in work systems that prove to be consonant with sustainable development were identify through characterization and productive systems analysis, realized through adapting of method of Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA). The results allow identify two patterns of resources use that manifest informers’ skills and personal competences for tasks development and capability of each study area for extrativism and agriculture activities. At Tapauá, the pattern of resources use point to predominance of forest species associated to extrativism. In contrast, at Costa da Terra Nova, where did found lowest indices, the pattern of resources use it expresses through dominance of cultivated species and help explain local agricultural competences. This leads to believe that at Tapauá the traditional knowledge and consequently plants resources use seem present lower influences of external agents, which can be in favor of work systems conception that aim attend local demands, allow natural resources use conservation and stimulate the diversity of productive systems. On the other hand, absence of articulation with external channels may represent barriers for this systems improvement, which times need innovative technical supply. In turn, at Costa da Terra Nova, the use pattern indicate a preference for cultivate species, indicating a tendency for culture specialization. The present study found expressive changes on productive systems, resultants of agroecological transition process. This transition cause a several of technical and organizational innovations associated with agriculture activity, allowing significant improvements on productive process and on ways of agricultural and non-agricultural work organization. These facts raised evidences that external influences, facilitated for Manaus proximity can change productive dynamics and work systems configuration on rural communities of Amazonas state.