Sequela da cárie não tratada: relação com fatores individuais e ambientais

Abstract

Dental caries, when left untreated cause more significant complications than the disease itself, causing damage to the general well-being and health. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the predictive role of the untreated caries sequela and associated factors in the oral health self-perception of children at 12 years, using the theoretical model of Wilson and Cleary adapted. This longitudinal study involved 406 12-year-old children, students from public schools in the eastern part of the city of Manaus-AM, from October to December 2016, with segment analysis from April to June 2017. Socio-demographic data level of schooling and family income were acquired through a questionnaire addressed to those responsible. The children, after supervised brushing, were examined to obtain the DMFT and PUFA / pufa index. Subjective measures such as: sense of coherence, social support, oral health beliefs, self - esteem, oral health-related quality of life and self-perceived oral health were obtained by questionnaire. Those responsible for the children signed two Terms of Free and Informed Consent (TFIC), authorizing their participation and that of their child. The children signed the consent form agreeing to participate in the study. Structural equation analysis was used to evaluate the direct and indirect relationships between the variables. The majority of the sample was female (56.4%), with a monthly family income of between $441.00 and $880.00 (39.4%) with 71.8% of the parents/guardians presenting 8 to 11 years of study. Children had an average DMFT of 1.51 and a mean PUFA/pufa score of a 0.29, with a prevalence of 17.8%. The results supported the theoretical model chosen for this population. The untreated caries had a direct effect on the perception of oral health. Psychosocial factor served as a predictor of quality of life. Perceived social support has been shown to have a direct effect on psychosocial factors. Oral healthrelated quality of life indicated to be a predictor of health perception. The level of schooling of the person responsible served as a predictor for the family income and for the presence of untreated caries. The results suggest that self-perception in children's oral health is influenced both by the sequelae of untreated caries and by means of subjective measures and socioeconomic indicators.