Expressão imunoistoquímica das proteínas Bcl-2, p16INK4a e Ciclina D1 em carcinomas epidermóides de lábio

Abstract

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip (CEL) is a public health problem found in many countries around the world, there is a paucity of data regarding its incidence in northern Brazil. The study of markers of cell cycle performed by immunohistochemical techniques constitutes a useful tool for detecting changes in these markers. In this study we decided to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2, p16 INK4a and cyclin D1 in squamous cell carcinomas of the lip, considering undergraduate and histological area and percentage markup. For both reactions were performed immunohistochemistry with anti-Bcl-2, anti-p16 and anti-cyclin D1 in 14 to 16 samples depending on the antibody in question. Methodology: The histological slides of selected cels were classified according to WHO (2005) and each case of CEL was evaluated according to the presence of histologic areas and percentage markup. Fisher's exact test and Student's t test were conducted. Results: Results revealed a higher incidence in females (53%), 67% lower labial region and 70% in mulatto. The expression of Bcl-2 was 42.8%, 60% moderately differentiated, with 66.6% of marking strands of neoplastic cells and 83.3% to 25% of cells. For the protein p16 INK4a was found 68.7% of expression and of these, 63.6% were well differentiated predominantly marking keratin pearls 43.7%, pasta, sheets and islands of neoplastic cells with 37.5%, the predominant markup was 72.7% up to 25% of labeled cells. Conclusion: The expression of cyclin D1 was 37.5% positive and of these, 45.4% were well differentiated, with 100% markup on cords of neoplastic cells, followed by 50% markup on pasta sheets and islands and pearls, and that 66.6% had dial up to 25% of cells. It is suggested that the expression of three proteins CEL occur together in such a way that Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 and p16 INK4 are reduced is increased in these lesions.