Produção de Lipases por fungos isolados de amostras de solo da Floresta Amazônica

Abstract

Microbial lipases have a great potential for industrial applications, including cosmetic industry. Forward the great diversity of the Amazon forest micro-organisms, it can be said that few bioprospecting work of producing lipases fungi were performed. This study aimed to investigate lipase production by fungi isolated from soil samples of the Amazon rainforest. Samples were collected in Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke. The fungi were isolated, purified and identified (macro and micromorphologically). Lipase producing fungi were selected by the ability of those in hydrolyzing pNPP (p-nitrophenylpalmitate). Univariate experiments were conducted in order to investigate the influence of bioprocess variables in the production of lipase-selected isolated Fusarium INPA 4. It was also investigated the optimum temperature and pH of Fusarium lipases INPA 4:01 preliminary analysis as the cytotoxicity of broth cultivation of the fungus. The results revealed that: 100 isolates were obtained and the three most common genera of fungi were Aspergillus (41%), Penicillium (34%) and Trichoderma (13%). The isolated highlighted on lipase production were INPA83 Penicillium, Fusarium INPA 4, Paecilomyces Aspergillus INPA INPA 53 and 59. The levels of the most appropriate factors for production of the Fusarium lipases INPA 4 were 15 g / L Soy oil 1 g / L (NH4) 2SO4, pH 5, the relationship between the culture medium and glassware 1/5, initial inoculum of 105 cell / ml, orbital stirring of 100 rpm and a time of 72 h.Na determination of pH and temperature optimum the lipase of Fusarium INPA 4 was more active in the pH range of 7.0-9.0 and temperature range of -20oC to 30oC. The cultivation broth of Fusarium INPA 4 showed no cytotoxicity from the third dilution having a viability above 100%. The Fusarium INPA 4 showed a good lipase producer, may be a source of this enzyme for future industrial applications, but for this, it is necessary an additional study for the best biotech enzyme potential and his producer are exploited.