Validação de planejamento quimiométrico para extração e quantificação de alcaloides aporfínicos na planta Unonopsis duckei R.E.FR por cromatografia líquida de ultra alta performance acoplada a espectrometria de massa sequencial

Abstract

The present work had the objective of validating a chemometric methodology for extraction and quantification of anonaine, glaziovine, norglaucine and glaucine from samples of 1 gram of leaves of Unonopsis duckei R.E.Fr (annonaceae). These compounds belong to the class of aporphinic alkaloids, substances widely explored in the literature and of important therapeutic properties. For the extraction process a planning with modified simplex-centroid mixtures consisting of four solvents was developed: methanol, chloroform, n-hexane, and acetone. In total, 23 extractive solutions were prepared in order to identify the solution with the best extraction efficiency: 4 unit solutions of 100% in proportion, 6 binary solutions of 50% in proportion, 4 tertiary solutions of 33.33% in proportion, 4 Quaternary solutions of 62.5% + 12.5% in proportion and 5 quaternary solutions of 25% in proportion to represent the central point of the planning. Each sample was extracted for a period of 48 hours and dried with nitrogen gas (N2). From the dry extracts 23 methanol solutions of 1 mg / mL concentration were prepared, which were submitted to the exploratory and quantitative analysis. The exploratory analysis was developed in a UHPLC-ESI+/Q-TOF system while the quantitative analysis was developed in a UHPLC-ESI+/QqQ system. For the chromatographic run, the retention and resolution time parameters were adjusted in order to optimize the chromatographic separation processes. For the optimization of the spectrometric detection and identification process, the potential of the hole, collision energy, collision cell output potential and the transmission of the analyzers were adjusted. The methodology was submitted to validation where the merit figures were validated: selectivity, linearity, precision (interday test), accuracy (percentage of recovery) and limits of detection and quantification. The results indicated that the nº 5 sample of binary methanol/chloroform composition showed the best yield per gram of leaf allowing to obtain 6.79 μg g-1 of anonaine, 131.10 μg g-1 of glaziovine, 40.58 μg g-1 of norglaucine and 20.54 μg g-1 of glaucine.