Desenvolvimento de produto alimentício inovador a base de cogumelo e tubérculos tropicais

Abstract

Consumers increasingly believe that food contributes to their health. In response to this trend, in recent years, the use of edible mushrooms has grown considerably due to the significant role in nutrition and human health. The objective of this research was to develop a capeletti pasta with a bioproduct formulated with a tropical tuber, edible mushroom, source of proteolytic enzymes and nutritional quality. The base substrates used for the cultivation of the Pleurotus ostreatoroseus Singer and Lentinus citrinus Walleyn and Rameloo mushrooms were the pulp undergoing the cultivation of tropical tubers (Dioscorea trifida L.), manihot esculenta crantz (Dioscorea trifida L.) and purple yam (Dioscorea alata L). To obtain a pure culture of the mushrooms, mycelial discs of 10mm in diameter were inoculated on the surface of oat agar with 0.1% (w / v) yeast extract - OMYA. Cultures were maintained at 25 ° C for 7 days in the absence of light. From these cultures 10mm mycelial discs were removed and transferred to 50ml GYP [0.5% (w / v) yeast extract peptone maintained at 25 ° C, 150 rpm, for 5 days. The recovered mycelial mass was used as inoculum in the solid state fermentation. Cultures were maintained at 25 oC in the dark, 80% humidity until complete substrate micelliation. The bioproduct selection was carried out based on the proteolytic activity and with the significant was determined the effect and stability of pH and temperature, effect of metallic ions and inhibitors. To prepare the pasta, a bioproduct was selected to analyze the nutritional and technological characteristics. The pasta was prepared by adding the bioproduct in substitution of rice flour with different proportions, 5%, 10% and 15%. The capeletti were submitted to the following analyzes, cooking tests, microbiological quality, nutritional composition and sensorial characteristics. The highest proteolytic activity was determined in the crude extract of P. ostreatoroseus grown in D. alata without supplementation (142.22 U / mL). The enzymes presented optimum activities at 40 ° C and pH 7.0, and stability at 50 ° C and pH 8.0. Proteases were classified as cysteine proteases based on the effect of inhibitors used. The bioproduct formulated with the mycelial mass of P. ostratoroseus in D. alata tubers has nutritional viability and technological characteristics for the enrichment of capeletti type pasta, providing a source product of proteins, fibers and minerals, representing an innovation in the foods.