Estudos tecnológicos para a obtenção de forma farmacêutica sólida a partir de Endopleura uchi e Uncaria tomentosa

Abstract

Herbal product is a drug obtained through medicinal plants and is an effective and safe therapeutic option. Currently, clinical research on medicinal plants to obtain these pharmaceutical products has been a priority. Thus, through extensive bibliographical research, it was verified that two plants stand out for their biological activities like Endopleura uchi (uxi) and Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw). The aim of this study was to develop solid dosage forms, powders and granulates, from the bark of stem of E. uchi and U. tomentosa. From this, extractive solutions (SE) were produced by the dynamic maceration and decoction under reflux method. The SE were dried in spray dryer equipment, evaluating the feasibility of obtaining these dried products in isolated form and in association of the species resulting in the Dry Spraying Extracts (ESA), Products (PSA) and Mixture (MSA). Tests were performed with dry products (ESA, PSA and MSA) to evaluate the technological properties, assay of phytochemical markers and some biological activities: antifungal, cytotoxicity and antiinflammatory. It is also evaluating the viability of obtaining traditional wet granulates and the technique using the fluidized bed. With the execution of the work, it can be noticed that lots of the vegetable raw materials (MPV) of E. uchi and U. tomentosa presented acceptable quality control parameters, enabling the continuation of activities. In relation to the physicalchemical characteristics of the hydroethanol (HE) and aqueous (Aq) SE were similar to other studies in the literature with the same plant species. However in the drying operation of E. uchi the yield to obtain ESA / PSA was 56.92 to 66.09% and for U. tomentosa ranged from 54.43 to 62.95%, being well values higher than that of the Aq SE which was 5.87 to 37.77%. As for the bergenin content in dried E. uchi products ranged from 33.42 to 40.76%, while the levels of mitraphil in U. tomentosa products varied from 0.77 to 0.97%, similar to the values of literature. Regarding MSA He satisfactory operational yield (68.04%) however resulted in a powder with high moisture content (10.35%), low density, poor flowability and tendency to agglomeration. When comparing the content of bergenin and mitraphilin in the MSA sample or the physical mixture of the dried extracts, it is observed that from the chemical point of view, there is apparently no negative interaction between the substances. The results of the biological activities evidenced that the E. uchi species was the most promising when compared to U. tomentosa, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 μg / mL against Candida albicans, showed no potential for cytotoxicity in MRC5 cell line and anti inflammatory because of inhibition of nitric oxide from the concentrations of 2.5 μg / mL. Therefore it was chosen to produce E. uchi granules. The classical wet granulation of the He E. uchi PSA made it possible to obtain granules with favorable technological properties. In relation to the pilot test using the fluidized bed was feasible, however, there is a need for optimization of the process parameters. The dissolution profile of all granules containing E. uchi showed that they can be classified as a fast release pharmaceutical form. Therefore, it was possible to carry out technological studies to obtain solid dosage forms from the bark of stem of E. uchi and U. tomentosa.