Estudo químico e biológico de uma linhagem do Penicillium citreosulfuratum

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are a rich source of natural products with diverse biological activities, presenting great potential for the food and pharmaceutical industries. The production of fungal metabolites in vitro can be optimized through techniques involving chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology, with a relatively low associated cost. Despite being important sources of bioactive compounds, the diversity of endophytic fungi, especially those of the genus Penicillium, is still insufficiently explored in Brazil, especially in the Amazon region. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to investigate the secondary metabolites produced by a strain of Penicillium citreosulfuratum preserved in the collection of the Laboratory of Bioassays and Microorganisms of the Amazon (LABMICRA) of the Analytical Center of the Multidisciplinary Support Center of UFAM. Thus, the P. citreosulfuratum strain coded as M167 (LabMicrA 1245) was cultivated in BDL liquid medium from spores preserved in the LABMICRA collection. During cultivation, which included monitoring the level of glucose and pH, aliquots were separated and analyzed by direct insertion into a mass spectrometer (MS). The most relevant fractions, based on MS analyses, were prepared and subjected to open column fractionation and HPLC, using C-18 as the stationary phase. In addition, the extracts were subjected to larvicide, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity assays. Through MS analysis it was possible to dereplicate the polyketide citreoviridin in the Pc3 fraction. In turn, the chromatographic fractionation resulted in the isolation of the alkaloid isorugulosuvine and the polyketide 10Z-isocitreoviridinol. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated that P. citreosulfuratum is a valuable source of secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities. These findings highlight the promising potential of endophytic fungi of the genus Penicillium present in the Amazon region as a source of natural products for biotechnological applications. However, more research is needed to explore the studied lineage and the diversity and biotechnological potential of the endophytic fungi found in the Amazon region.