Fatores epidemiológicos associados à prevalência da pediculose da cabeça em Manaus - Amazonas

Abstract

Pediculosis is caused by Pediculus capitis, presenting worldwide. The objectives were: To verify and associates the prevalence on frequenting beauty salons in Manaus-AM with gender, ethnicity, age, hair styles, location os salons; To measure the repellent and fumigant activity of hair dyes and tints repelling products against P. capitis. The method used for the epidemiological study was collecting hair and fill form with data: ethniciity, age, gender and hair styles. The analysis of the samples was performed with magnifying glass and microscope, being positive the samples with stages if P. Capitis. The tests were in triplicate, with 4 hours of full observation. The repellent test consisted of dividing a circle of 12 cm diameter Whatman paper in the inner zone (A) and external (B). The product was sprayed on (A). Then, three lice were placed in (A) and the percentage repellence was evaluated by counting the number of lice (B). To the fumigant test was used a system containing a larger petri dish, a cover slip with 100 ul of dye and tint and another smaller plate. Three lice were placed on the lower plate on Whatman paper and the largest plate was closed and rated the percentage mortality. The clear dye, hydrogen peroxide 30 volumes and clear emulsion showed 100% repellency. The other substances ranged 77-100% efficiency. In fumigant test, hydrogen peroxide 30 volumes showed 44% of deaths, other substances obtained 11-22%. According to the results, the hydrogen peroxide 20 and 30 volumes, dye and emulsion clear for the control of lice repellent action. Of the 1860 samples were infested 53 (2.84%). The prevalence was higher in females (3.01%). The elderly had a higher prevalence (4.76%). No blacks were more prevalent (3.48%). Most infested hair was long length (3.36%), curly type (3.65%), color gray (4.44%), high density (3.02%) and gross thickness (3.02%). The highest prevalence was observed in the beauty salons of the south-central area (3.50%). These data indicate the need for implementation of control programs of pediculosis. The method of analysis of hair is an efficient tool to indicate the prevalence of pediculosis in adults and elderly.