Otimização de massa cerâmica de caulim com a incorporação de resíduos de vidro e rocha para a produção de materiais cerâmicos

Abstract

In the region, kaolin deposits are of sedimentary origin and belong to the Alter do Chão Formation. These deposits, which have a significant amount of this raw material, where, to date, there is no company that conducts its exploration. Some of these outcrops are found in the municipalities of Manaus, Presidente Figueiredo and Rio Preto da Eva in Amazonas and are seen in road cuts and gullies. Kaolin combined with feldspar and quartz forms an optimal mixture for the manufacture of ceramic materials. These compounds, which can be replaced by waste. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of the ceramic mixture composed of kaolin, rock powders and glass for the production of ceramic materials, using the technique of experimental planning through the response surface. The raw materials (kaolin, rock powder and glass powder) were chemically characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (FRX), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), particle size analysis (AG) techniques. The formulations containing the raw materials were formed by pressing at a pressure of 45MPa. After obtaining the specimens, they were sintered at temperatures of 950 ° C, 1100 ° C, 1200 ° C and 1250 ° C and, subsequently subjected to the following tests: water absorption (AA), linear burning retraction (RLq), three-point flexural rupture module (MRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results showed that the compositions (masses) formulated from kaolin in natura, rock and glass powders can be used in the production of ceramic materials such as stoneware and semi-stoneware whose samples obtained good results after the sintering and testing process technological were: M80, M70 and M40 sintered at the following temperatures: 1250 ° C, 1250 ° C and 1200 ° C respectively.