Síntese e caracterização galvânica da Polianilina (PANI) para aplicação em supercapacitores

Abstract

Electrochemical capacitors are energy storage devices that have high power density and higher energy density than a conventional capacitor, so they are used in portable devices like cell phones and cameras. The materials used in these devices are carbon, conductive polymers and transition metal oxides. The conductive polymers have increasingly attracting the interest of many researchers to the application in supercapacitors, within that classification polyaniline (PANI) has great merit due to good conductivity, stability and easy preparation. The polyaniline (PANI) was studied by galvanotechnics potentiostatic mode at 0.7 V. using a stainless steel substrate in ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1 (mol.L-1 sulfuric acid H2SO4 and Aniline 99%) for 900 and 1800 seconds. The SEM analysis showed that the morphologies of the proportions 1: 1 and 2: 1 have more spongy and dense areas than the electrodeposited polymer films in ratios 5: 1 and 10: 1. The electrochemical characterizations were investigated by: chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry, charge-discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Through the measures by cyclic voltammetry, we found the redox couple of leucoemeraldine / emeraldine and by the charge-discharge a 884 F.g-1 capacitance was achieved. Already, by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed a prospective study and found that the polymeric films obtained are capacitive, without the formation of resistive semicircle.