O parto na fronteira amazônica Brasil e Peru: etnografia sobre a assistência obstétrica no município de Benjamin Constant / Amazonas.

Abstract

This dissertation presents an ethnography on the medical-hospital assistance to pregnant women, Brazilian and Peruvian. The objective of this study was to describe the practices adopted by health professionals in the hospital during labor, delivery and postpartum in the period from 2015 to 2017. The construction of the research included bibliographical review, documentary research, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Through these resources it was possible to understand and describe the current Public Health System in Benjamin Constant and Islandia; social relations between Brazilians and Peruvians; the relationships between health professionals and pregnant women in Benjamin Constant; the narratives of health professionals and women about childbirth. The study included a Brazilian pregnant woman and two Peruvian women who identified themselves as indigenous, and health professionals who worked in the Obstetric Ward of Benjamin Constant Hospital. I have pointed out two issues that I consider to be the main contributions of this work, the first one is that parturients do not know their rights and, therefore, most of the time do not recognize themselves as victims of obstetric violence; secondly, I have identified that professionals who work directly in the obstetrics wing, claim that they do not know about humanized labor, and doctors and nurses who would have more access to such knowledge do not put it into practice in the labor routine, especially due to prejudices rooted in the female body, their nationality, religion or ethnicity. A hegemonic conception of biomedicine that fragments the bodies and prioritizes the physical aspects prevails in the consultations.