Entre pobreza e pandemia: um estudo multidimensional sobre as famílias vulneráveis no bairro Tancredo Neves em Manaus

Abstract

Brazil was one of the countries that saw poverty increase the most during the pandemic, because as we know, poverty is not a creation of the pandemic, but of a destructive socioeconomic system that results in the perversity of capital against workers deepened in the pandemic context. . The coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19), an unprecedented event in recent history, will have significant and still insignificant effects on society, its consequences not only reached the economic dimension, but substantially impacted the social dimension of the country by demonstrating the lack of a consolidated social protection network to meet the demands presented during the health crisis. That said, this work aims to investigate the repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic, in the process of impoverishment of families in vulnerable situations in the Tancredo Neves neighborhood in the municipality of Manaus in the period 2019 and 2021. Based on this premise, we ask : What is the repercussion of the pandemic with regard to the impoverishment experienced by vulnerable families in the Tancredo Neves neighborhood in the municipality of Manaus? To this end, the general objective of the study was to analyze the impact of the pandemic on the process of impoverishment of vulnerable families in the Tancredo Neves neighborhood in the municipality of Manaus. This research used the multidimensional poverty analysis methodology developed by Alkire and Foster (2011) based on the construction of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (IPM), based on selected dimensions and indicators on public social policies and access to public goods and services and private. In this sense, the study assumes social relevance by elucidating to civil society, academia and scientific institutions what the social impacts were and specifically those related to poverty resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic, this being a recent, new and innovative topic. public interest. In this way, this is a comparative study, where, through data analysis, we seek to build a comparative scenario of the IPM in two moments of time, the years 2019 and 2021, to then test whether during the coronavirus pandemic Covid-19 vulnerable families in the Tancredo Neves neighborhood in Manaus suffered from the increase in poverty in the various dimensions of social life. That said, the following research modalities were used: bibliographic, field using a form created on the Google Forms platform applied by the researcher himself in the population sample selected for the research; The locus of the research was the Tancredo Neves neighborhood, east of the municipality of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas, Brazil. The dissertation is organized into an introduction, three chapters and finally, the final considerations where the percentages of deprivation (P) and non-ordeal (NP) of the dimensions and indicators chosen for the research are presented through graphs that showed an impoverishment during the pandemic period; This was observed from the calculation of the incidence rate (H) and poverty intensity (A) which presented the IPM result of 0.25 for 2019 and 0.40 for 2021, confirming that there was an impoverishment of vulnerable families in the Tancredo neighborhood Snowfall during the studied period.