Geomorfologia e planejamento ambiental: identificação e monitoramento de voçorocas no sítio urbano de Iranduba-AM.

Abstract

This work, entitled Geomorphology and environmental planning: identification and monitoring of gullies in the urban site of Iranduba-AM, has the general objective of relating geomorphology and environmental planning as important elements in the appearance of gullies in the city of Iranduba-AM. Based on the theoretical contribution, referring to the proposed subject, we sought to raise the natural and human variables that interfere in different land uses, in addition to related environmental problems, such as soil erosion, with emphasis on gullies. For this purpose, bibliographic surveys, fieldwork to validate secondary data, satellite images of landsat 5 and 8 and ALOS PAUSAR were used as methodological procedures. Regarding the monitoring of gullies, periodic fieldwork was carried out with an interval of six months,use of registration forms, measuring tape, GPS. furthermore, to monitor the incisions found in the study area, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used, the images captured by this equipment were treated in the Agisoft Metashape software available at the Sediment and Soil Analysis and Treatment Laboratory ( LATOSOL). To help achieve the goals outlined for this research, a slope map, hypsometric map, digital elevation model (DEM),which supported the characterization of the natural framework; dynamics of cover map, environmental vulnerability map the erosion of the urban site of Iranduba-AM. From the methodological procedures, the results of this research were set where, it was found that the urban site of Iranduba-AM, is based on an irregular plateau, whose altimetry does not exceed 60 meters and where the surface varies in slopes between 3% (plateau) to 45 % (hillside) and the monitoring of the six incisions verified in the aforementioned area. Gullet 1, is disconnected, with linear shape, very small size, considered of immediate risco; incision 2 was considered of connected type, has a rectangular shape, immediate risk and small size; incision 3 considered medium-term risk, has medium size, shape and rectangular and connected type; a gullet 4 small in size, rectangular in shape, connected and considered of short-term risk; gullet 5 has a large size, rectangular, connected type and risk is immediate; finally incision 6 was classified as small, with a rectangular shape, connected type am medium-term risck. The specificities of the natural framework (mainly geomorphology), together with human activities, namely land use, drainage of rainwater and domestic effluents towards the slopes, are responsible for the acceleration of erosion processes, which compromise the environment for causing socio-environmental damage, added to this are the risks imputed to the people who live around the degraded areas. In addition, it is understood that the problems related to erosion could be minimized if there were environmental planning or even the implementation of current laws that control the occupation of areas unsuitable for urban expansion.