Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em profissionais de enfermagem: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Non-communicable Chronic Diseases (NCDs) are diseases that affect individuals for a long period of time and come from young ages, but have many opportunities for prevention. WHO (2005) defines as NCD cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer and diabetes mellitus, also including in this list, the diseases that contribute to the suffering of individuals, families and society. This study aimed to analyze the national and international production related NTCDs found in professional nursing, trying to make an association with the working environment of these professionals. The analysis was performed according to the assumption Ganong (1987), a sample of 11 studies, with 90.9% found in the Portuguese language, with the exception of one article (9.1%) in the English language, whose authors, with a percentage of 63.7% compound for Nurses, with 81.8% of the total ¨ authors worked in education, but with 90.9% having the hospital as a research field. 36.4% of the studies were found in the southeast region. Regarding designs, we found no experimental studies, descriptive, transversal (90.9%) and a literature review. The result of the analysis showed that several risk factors are shown in the literature that contribute to the development of chronic diseases in nursing professionals related to their behavioral habits and also by internal factors at work, such as excessive workload, shift work, night shift, low valuation of work, high stress level, patient transportation, among others, affecting the quality of life of these professionals and assistance to its clientele. The research also revealed that the nursing staff has presented work-related, high occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and depression being the most prevalent hypertension. There is need for interventions upon the risk factors for NCDs, involving both the professional and the institution to face these conditions, also considering the importance of health promotion actions in their own work environment and that should extend throughout period of the workers.