Caracterização físico-química do extrato seco das sementes de Myrciaria dubia (kunth) mcvaugh e desenvolvimento de formulação semissólida

Abstract

The pulp of the fruit of the plant species Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh, popularly known as camu-camu is known for its high content of ascorbic acid and studies with the peel and seeds have shown that these plant parts also exhibit antioxidant properties due to the presence phenolic compounds of flavonoid type. Knowing this characteristic antioxidant present in the peel and seed Camu Camu, and does not use these residues as raw material; this study aims to verify the feasibility of using the dry extract of the seeds for the development of a semi-solid cosmetic formulation. Tests were performed to characterize the plant drug (loss on drying, particle size analysis, extractive content, total ash, phytochemical screening) for the characterization of extractive solution (pH, density, dry residue) and to characterize the dry extract (particle size analysis, analysis of specific surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DPPH, ABTS); as well as studies of preliminary stability and accelerated stability for the quality control of the developed formulation. In characterizing the plant drug loss on drying was 8.8%, the particle size was classified as a coarse powder, the extractives yield was 27.9%, total ash of 0.34%. In phytochemical screening the result was strongly positive for phenols, flavônicos glycosides and tannins. The pH of the extraction solution is acidic, the was pH 3.74. The dry extract 7.5% was classified as a fine powder with specific surface area of 1.6448 m² / g and particles with reduced pores of mesoporous type. The result for total phenols of 26.93% and total flavonoid 4.15%. In the SEM images revealed irregular particles in size and shape with a strong tendency to agglomerate. The IC50 of DPPH was 16,77μg / ml and ABTS was 29,77μg/ml. In the development of the formulation, 5 bases were manipulated and from these were tested 15 formulations, 5 formulations were approved for pre-stability tests, and these formulations 5, 1 has been approved and called F1 formulation containing 1% of the dry extract of camu camu seed-embedded base containing 1% shea butter, this was submitted and the preliminary and accelerated stability tests. The F1 introduced a non-Newtonian rheological flow with pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior. The results enabled the establishment of quality control parameters of plant drug and dry extract. Thus, the characterization of plant drug and its extracts as well as the development of a semi-solid cosmetic formulation containing pure dry extract of the seeds Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh opens the way for future phytocosmetics development studies using plant residues this species in a sustainable manner, the seeds being the main bioactive component of the formulation due to its antioxidant potential.