Avaliação dos constituintes químicos em resíduos madeireiros de Inga alba Willd. e Inga paraensis Ducke

Abstract

Brazil has one of the greatest biodiversity on the planet, which stresses the largest tropical rainforest in the world, one of the leading producers of tropical timber. In 2009, logging in the Brazilian Amazon has processed about 14.2 million m3 of timber, of which 8.4 million m3 were classified as waste. Among the species that generate wood waste are included the genus Inga Mill. (Fabaceae), which are used in sawmills, charcoal, construction, paper production and energy generation and chemical studies can have on a recovery alternative for their waste. In this study, it was carried out phytochemical studies aimed at isolating and identifcation of chemical constituents in timber waste Inga alba Willd. and Inga paraensis Ducke. From the methanol extract of I. paraensis were obtained by chromatographic fractionation, the spinasterol and espinasterona steroids, identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, being reported for the first time in the genre. From the methanol extract of I. alba were obtained, after classical chromatography followed by tecnhic LC-SPE/NMR, the flavonoids taxifolin (flavanonol), butin (flavanone), 3-O-methylquercetin (flavonol) and a novel glycosylated derivative of the acid menthiafolic, named dapaznídeo. The taxifolin and butin have, in this work, the first report for the genus Inga. The study of secondary metabolites in these species is of great importance to the knowledge of Inga Woods Amazon, whose chemistry is unknown, and that have been placed on the market to replace the traditionally used by the timber industry.