Implementação de estratégias de controle de ordem fracionária aplicadas ao amortecimento de oscilações eletromecânicas em um sistema de geração em escala reduzida

Abstract

In this work, a new automatic control technique based on fractional order systems is investigated in order to improve the performance of the Power Systems Stabilizer (PSS), making the Electric Power System (EPS) most efficient. From which, for this study, use the dynamic model of the 10 kVA scaled-down generation system. Initially, three power system stabilizers are tuned in a computational environment, the conventional ESP by Sauer and Pai (2018), the fractional order PSS (FOPSS) by Ayres Junior et al. (2018) and the FOPSS tuned by the fractional order pole placement method (FOPP) by Ayres Junior et al. (2020). Therefore, a new methodology for the design of stabilizers is proposed, based on an analytical method to computing parameters from the specified values of gain margin and phase margin. The behavior of the compensators are evaluated through simulations, through MATLAB/Simulink, with tests based on the turning off and on of a transmission line and on the variation of the reference signal of the generation system. Soon, we sought to compare the performance of conventional and fractional PSS with FOPSS via gain margin and phase margin (GMPM) developed in this work. Therefore, analyzing the results obtained, the system with FOPSS via fractional pole placement was the one that best dampened the electromechanical oscillations, however, the control effort required was very high. Unlike the system with FOPSS via GMPM proposed in this work, which presented the lowest control effort and the second best performance.