Qualidade de vida após tratamento cirúrgico de prolapso de órgão pélvico em pacientes de ambulatório de referência no Amazonas

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a health problem that affects women worldwide, with a risk estimated between 11 and 19% for a necessity of surgical procedure for correction. Rarely, it results in significant morbidity and mortality, but alters various aspects of the woman's quality of life. Therefore, it is advisable to verify that the repair surgery of the physical damage can bring with it the reduction of the psychological damage and improve the quality of life of the patients. Many papers are published worldwide about POP, but no study was found in the bibliographic search regarding the quality of life of women in the region after having submitted to a surgical treatment. In fact, it is reinforced the need to carry out this work to initiate new and transversal research on this and related topics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the quality of life of patients after surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse; specific objectives: To identify the patients' complaints before the surgical procedure; to compare information on pre and post-operative quality of life; compare the results obtained with those presented in the medical literature of our country. METHODS: A cross - sectional, descriptive, analytical study was carried out at the Gynecological Surgery Service of the Araújo Lima Ambulatory, belonging to the Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas (HUGV), Manaus, AM. Data were collected from 63 patients who met the criteria for selection and were then submitted to pelvic organ prolapse quantification system (POP-Q) with the principal investigator of this study, were instructed to complete the questionnaire about quality of life (P-QoL). After the preoperative exams, the surgery was scheduled. The participants were instructed to return to the postoperative evaluation at 7, 30, 60 and 180 days, and at the last postoperative appointment, they responded again to the P-QoL and the POP-Q was performed. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the quality of life of the 63 women evaluated after surgery (p <0.0001), mainly in relation to the impact of prolapse. The most relevant risk factor in this study was age, which was related to the staging of the disease and the quality of life of the women evaluated (p <0.05). After 180 days of surgery, it was observed that 89.9% of the women evolved to stage zero, and 11.1% of them evolved to stage I of the disease, demonstrating an important improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in the present study are in agreement with the majority of the works published in the world literature, mainly regarding the success of the clinical-surgical procedure and the improvement of the quality of life of the patients. The study demonstrated that understanding the disease from the patient's point of view is an important indicator of the effectiveness of the treatment performed.