Estudo e desenvolvimento de fitoterápicos de uso odontológico com propriedade removedora de biofilme a partir de espécies vegetais amazônicas

Abstract

The dental caries is the multifactorial pathology, considered oldest the illnesses of the humanity; beginning of the cariogenic process needs the stability of the microorganisms for tack in the dental enamel for the formation of biofilm. The interference in some of these mechanisms can prevent the formation of the dental caries. With the discovery for the author of this research of the effectiveness in the biofilm removal and of antimicrobial activity of essential oils of the deriving plants of the Brazilian Amazonian flora, they had been selected species Cyperus rotundus (tiririca), Protium heptaphyllum (breu-branco) and Guatteria citriodora (laranjinha). The analysis of the chemical composition of essential oils was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). For the microbiological evaluation of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration, the methods chosen they had been the microdilution in broth and culture in half solid respectively, using a reference culture of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175). The objective to evaluate the preclinical toxicity in rodents, the essential oils had been mixed in the described patent US 2010/0284943 composing sample RF-11MAO. The study it was carried through in accord and partnership between UFAM, INPA, CBA and UFRR, having aimed at to elaborate the portfolio of the odontologic products as mouths washing and dental cream, adjusting to the requirements of the Brazilian legislation for phytotherapic medicine register new. The toxicological analysis followed the national and international protocols recommended for the agencies controlling of the public health, as the A of Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) in Brazil, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States of America and the Organization will be Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) of the European Community. Sample RF-11MAO presented as constituent majority the p-cymeno, α-cyperone, cyperotundone, cyperene and citronelal, considered as its chemical markers. The sample disclosed CIM of 1.2 mg/mL and CBM 1.2 mg/mL on S. mutans. The study in the preclinical phase in dose only e subcronic in repeated doses, they had demonstrated that the RF-11MAO diluted in 1/3, 1/10, 1/30 and 1/100, in the dose (~1,5 mg/Kg) did not produce signals of toxicity in rats in first the 24 hours, 14 days and 28 days, it did not intervene with the profit of weight of the treated animals, did not modify the plasmatic biochemical and it did not modify the hematologics parameters. The maximum dose (NOAEL-Dose) established for accomplishment of the clinical tests in human beings is of approximately of 1,5 mg/Kg.