Formando capital humano na Hinterlândia Amazônica: o processo de diferenciação social em Benjamin Constant/Amazonas (2004-2019)

Abstract

This work is located in the line of research Networks, Processes and Forms of Knowledge, of the Post-Graduate Program Society and Culture in the Amazon - Federal University of Amazonas, and aimed to analyze the dynamics of mid-level technical educationpromoted by the state public power in the period 2004-2019, in the municipality of Benjamin Constant-Amazonas, considering the socioeconomic context of the local labor market and the pillars of education that permeate the formation of human capital for work. The analysis required a discussion of technical training embodied in public policies for professional education established from the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. The discussion is supported by educational legislation (national and state), in contemporary and classic literature on the relationship between the labor market and work as an educational principle for the integral formation of the person. The areas of technical-professional training promoted by the state government in the municipality of Benjamin Constant in the period 2004-2019 were mapped, verifying whether the curricula of technical courses offered in the period 2004-2019 considered the pillars of Education (learn to know, learn to do, learn to be, learn to live together) as necessary principles for high school technical professional training. The mapping was based on data obtained from institutional documents referring to offers, course curricula and the report of the International Commission on Education for the 21st century (1996), making a counterpoint with data obtained in the field with graduates of technical courses, who exposed their perceptions regarding the technical-professional training received, considering the context of the local labor market. The work used a quali-quanti approach, combining document analysis and content analysis. From the analysis of the data obtained, documentary and field, the dynamics of the profile of the graduate of the public high school technical training in the municipality of Benjamin Constant, in the period of 2004-2019, was elucidated, relating the courses offered to the technological axes of the EPT and the socioeconomic context of the local labor market. The results obtained, in the whole the research, considering the socioeconomic conditions of the municipality of Benjamin Constant (GDP, GDP per capita, employed workforce), confirmed that the offer of technical-professional training at a secondary level made available by the state government in Benjamin Constant (2004-2019), did not provide the formation of human capital for the local labor market, but the possibility of training in the student's own municipality, since the local labor market did not support the demand for employment, which resulted in a new profile of the graduate of the technical training offered.