O homem, o rio e o viveiro: as relações de poder que entrelaçam o trabalho da piscicultura em Benjamin Constant, no Amazonas

Abstract

This thesis is based on an interdisciplinary perspective of the understanding of the Amazonian man and his social condition in the Amazon region, it seeks to analyze in what sense the expansion of the capital in the region has interference in the social practices of work and in the economic organization of the fish farmers of Benjamin Constant, in the state of Amazonas. It seeks to emphasize the strategies forged by the fish farmer to enter in the labor market. The Brazilian State as a promoter agent and a promoter of development has turned its attention to the national and local elites under the command of the great capital, to the detriment of the traditional communities, of the natural resources and the work of the traditional people who have in the region their only space of survival. The presence of the capital in the Amazon region with its explorer character, throughout its historical process, interfered negatively in the life of the traditional people. The inefficiency of public policies aimed to the development of the Amazonian interior remains residual and in the case of the fish farming workers, the social benefits do not exist. This study chose as subjects of the investigation the fish farmers of the Fish Farmers Association of Benjamin Constant / AM, region of Alto Solimões, heard under the technique of deep interview. The research was developed under the theoreticalmethodological contribution of the social sciences, having a fertile dialogue in the interdisciplinary perspective in sociology, anthropology, history and economics. Among the many verified results, it was clear that fish farming does not have a big impact on the family budget, but it is important as a supplementary income, it represents the guarantee of meals and a small extra income. It is clear that without the inductive action of the State, the popular fish farming under the flow of work of the small producer can’t develop beyond the subsistence activity, reaching the labor market. It must finally be recognized that there is a need to implement a new rationality of work aimed at the development of the Amazonian man, which counts on the generosity of nature and its regional potentialities. The solidarity economy, in this sense, is presented as a viable strategy forged by the workers themselves, directed to the development of the popular fish farming, that is, directed to encourage the ventures and, therefore, to produce in volume and to compete in the market, contributing to the empowerment of the Amazonian man.