Produção de gramíneas forrageiras dos gêneros Urochloa e Megathyrsus nas condições edafoclimáticas de Manaus, Am

Abstract

The objective of this work was to identify perennial forage grasses, which are potentially capable of producing large amounts of dry matter at different times of the year under the edaphoclimatic conditions of Manaus, AM. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of Embrapa Western Amazon. The treatments corresponded to the eleven cultivars, which were cut in two intervals (28 and 42 days), with three replicates, totaling 66 experimental units. The experimental units of 16 m2 (4m x 4m), with spacing between plots of 2 m, were established through sowing in April 2016, in factorial arrangement, following a completely randomized design. The samples were obtained by harvesting a plot of the plot measuring 3m x 1m with recommended cutting height according to each cultivar, using a mower-mower with 1 m wide cutting bar. The forage was heavy green in the field as well as a sub-sample of approximately 1 kg. This sub-sample was dried in a forced circulation air oven at 65 ° C until constant weight, weighing again to determine the dry mass contente. The contents were used to determine the forage mass (MF) for each sample, being considered equal to the accumulation of forage (AF). At the end of the experiment, the AFs referring to each regrowth were added to obtain the total forage accumulation (AFT) for each plot. The data were grouped in two periods: rainy season and dry season, generating the seasonal forage accumulations, rainy season (AFpc) and dry period (AFps). From these were also generated the values of seasonal distribution of dry period and the rainy season, as a proportion of the total annual distribution (AFpc / AFps), dividing AFpc and AFps by AFT. The cultivars Mombaça and Massai are the most recommended for the edaphoclimatic conditions of Manaus, AM because their yields are very high in comparison to the others. The cultivar Tupi is a good alternative for pasture formation in the climatic conditions of Manaus due to the fact that it does not present the seasonality effect and its high production. In the cut-off interval of 42 days the cultivars obtained higher forage production in the soil and climatic conditions of Manaus, AM.The objective of this work was to identify perennial forage grasses, which are potentially capable of producing large amounts of dry matter at different times of the year under the edaphoclimatic conditions of Manaus, AM. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of Embrapa Western Amazon. The treatments corresponded to the eleven cultivars, which were cut in two intervals (28 and 42 days), with three replicates, totaling 66 experimental units. The experimental units of 16 m2 (4m x 4m), with spacing between plots of 2 m, were established through sowing in April 2016, in factorial arrangement, following a completely randomized design. The samples were obtained by harvesting a plot of the plot measuring 3m x 1m with recommended cutting height according to each cultivar, using a mower-mower with 1 m wide cutting bar. The forage was heavy green in the field as well as a sub-sample of approximately 1 kg. This sub-sample was dried in a forced circulation air oven at 65 ° C until constant weight, weighing again to determine the dry mass contente. The contents were used to determine the forage mass (MF) for each sample, being considered equal to the accumulation of forage (AF). At the end of the experiment, the AFs referring to each regrowth were added to obtain the total forage accumulation (AFT) for each plot. The data were grouped in two periods: rainy season and dry season, generating the seasonal forage accumulations, rainy season (AFpc) and dry period (AFps). From these were also generated the values of seasonal distribution of dry period and the rainy season, as a proportion of the total annual distribution (AFpc / AFps), dividing AFpc and AFps by AFT. The cultivars Mombaça and Massai are the most recommended for the edaphoclimatic conditions of Manaus, AM because their yields are very high in comparison to the others. The cultivar Tupi is a good alternative for pasture formation in the climatic conditions of Manaus due to the fact that it does not present the seasonality effect and its high production. In the cut-off interval of 42 days the cultivars obtained higher forage production in the soil and climatic conditions of Manaus, AM.