Estudo químico em resíduos madeireiros e florestais de espécies secretoras: Protium tenuifolium (Burseraceae) e Manilkara huberi (Sapotaceae)

Abstract

Protium (Burseraceae) and Manilkara (Sapotaceae) occur in the Amazon and show economic importance in the timber industry beyond the biological potential of its secondary metabolites. Considering the scarcity of studies on wood and forest residues of these genus, this study was evaluated from the chemical point of view, forest and wood residues of Protium tenuifolium and Manilkara huberi. Thus, the phytochemical study of the methanol extract of wood residues from Manilkara huberi led to the isolation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde) and a new saponin triterpen identified as 2β, 3β, 6β, 28-tetrahydroxy-olean-12-en-23-oic ester 23-O-α-L-ramnosepyranosyl. In the hexane, extract of forest residues (branches) from Protium tenuifolium were identified the mixture α and β-amyrin (triterpenes) β-sitosterol and stigmasterol (steroids). The study of the methanol extract of this species resulted in the isolation of the unpublished polyketides in the Burseraceae family; known as integracin A and B. Identification of compound were based in NMR spectra uni and two-dimensional. The volatile constituents of the bark of P. tenuifolium were evaluated, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical constituents analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. In the composition predominated the monoterpenes limonene (56.17%), α- phellandrene (16.22%) and ρ-cymene (10.52%). This study contributed significant to the chemical knowledge of Amazonian species studied, aggregating commercial, scientific and biological value to compounds identified in wood and forest residues.