Levantamento das plantas medicinais utilizadas pelas pescadoras em uma comunidade ribeirinha no sudoeste da Amazônia

Abstract

The use of medicinal plants is a common practice among traditional populations, and Ethnobotany is the Science that synthesizes some information about traditional botanical knowledge. The dissertation aimed to analyze how medicinal plants are used by fisherwomen from the Praia de Lábrea Community in the municipality of Lábrea in the state of Amazonas. Divided into four chapters, the first being related to conceptual aspects of Ethnobotany in Brazil; the second to the socio-environmental context of fisherwomen in Brazil; the third to the socioeconomic profile and the fourth to the ethnobotanical profile of this community. This research is based on a qualitative-quantitative approach, whose method adopted for data acquisition was through semi-structured interviews/questionnaires. Thus, 37 residents of this community were randomly selected. Regarding socioeconomic data regarding the lives of these people, the community is made up of people aged between 40 and 60 years old, with the majority having brown skin. Most families have a stable union and na average of zero to five children. In terms of income, they range from less than a minimum wage to a minimum wage. Also below is the data regarding the characteristics of medicinal plants such as: indication of use, method of preparation, resulting in the presence of 80 species of plants belonging to genera and 35 families. Species such as alfavaca, mint, andiroba, copaíba and malvarisco were most cited by this population. Knowledge about these plants was transmitted through family experiences, transmitted through generations, demonstrating the importance of preserving traditional knowledge, it was found that the most used part for consumption are the leaves and the method of preparation by decoction. In this way, it was observed that the results of this work contributed significantly to the process of ethnoknowledge of the community’s daily life, in addition to visualizing how knowledge is transmitted, aiming at the rich local cultural heritage of medicinal plants. Furthermore, it helped to enhance ethnoknowledge in this area and the more research is carried out, the greater the recognition of the knowledge of this population, also highlighting concerns regarding the conservation of biodiversity found in this region, as it has been suffering from human action.