A família como espaço contraditório entre o cuidado e a violência contra a pessoa idosa atendida nas instituições públicas de "combate" à violência em Manaus/AM

Abstract

As the literature points out (FALEIROS, 2007a, MINAYO, 2004, SARTI, 2015), the family faced with the contradictions experienced, reduced in size, increased unemployment, increased longevity and loss of fundamental rights, faces the challenge of how to secure attention necessary to its vulnerable members, be they elderly people and children, without generating conflicts and negative feelings on the part of the elder when being cared for and also of the member of the family in the exercise of the care, contradictorily. It is a case study of a qualitative nature, whose general objective was to reveal the family as a contradictory space between care and violence against the elderly person and the difficulties and challenges faced by the latter in the act of caring. Given this, we unveil the experience of being cared for and cared for from the speeches of the subjects involved, the elderly person and the family reference. The research locus were two reference institutions in the attention to violence against the elderly, located in the Center-South Zone of the city of Manaus: The Home Care Program - PADI of the Dr. Thomas Foundation and the Integrated Center for the Protection and Defense of CIPDI, formerly linked to the Secretariat of State for Social Assistance - SEAS, and at the end of the study passed to the Secretariat of State for Justice, Human Rights and Citizenship - SEJUSC where the denunciations of neglect and abandonment were of the cadastral data of elderly people who were attended from January to December 2016. From the secondary data, a database was elaborated, from which 15 elderly people were selected, together with 15 family references that composed the sample and performed the interviews, according to criteria defined in the methodology and in the Ethics Committee. The technical team of both institutions participated in the present study, according to the established prerequisites. Results: In imbricated family dynamics, the elderly are aging in their time of aging. If in the past this time was short, contemporaneously, one lives the old age of the 60 years, 70, 80, 90 or more. In this study, the elderly were in the age range of 62 years to 93 years and the family references between 30 and 69 years, of this higher incidence in the 50-69 years. In the age group of 80 or older, there were nine elderly people, which proves that the need for care increases proportional to age. In addition, we identified that the predominance is of women and with respect to the degree of kinship the great majority of the family references were daughters, followed by the children and a niece. As for the elderly, the majority are women, who were victims of neglect and abandonment, which corresponds to the one signaled in the literature on the feminization of violence that, inside the houses, the preferential victim is the woman, while in the streets the preferential victims it is men. So that the family as a contradictory space between care and violence for the elderly, only has visibility with studies like this, plunges into the reality of the State that has opened space for denunciation both PADI and CIPDI, and with the intervention of professionals can to point out that this contradictory space begins to have visibility. But it is not yet worked on in its contradictory dynamics of care and violence. At the municipal and state level the promotion and protection with the issue of the elderly person was lost in time, once the consequences of the deprotection and violation of their human rights are worked, and not their rights as a citizen.