Perfil químico e potencial biotecnológico de resíduos de indústrias de oleorresinas Amazônicas

Abstract

Oleoresins are substances exuded by different plant species, such as the genera Copaifera and Protium, to which various biological properties are attributed. A fraction containing essential oil is distilled for use in the pharmaceutical industry, while the resinous fraction does not have a sustainable direction, being discarded in the external environment in which it is extracted. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of Protium and copaíba residues, cytotoxicity, enzymatic activity and antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. To this end, Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to evaluate the chemical composition of the oleoresin and the in vitro cytotoxic activity using cells from the MRC5 lineage and the HEPG2 tumor lineage. The enzymatic activity of the residues was tested for α-glucosidase and lipase. Microbiological activity by diffusion in wells and microdilution in plates. The results found demonstrated that monoterpenes such as p-cymene present in the Protium genus and sesquiterpenes common in copaifera such as β-caryophyllene were deposited in waste, as well as oxidized and degraded substances. For the dispersion of copaiba, methyl linoleate fatty acid was also identified, which is not the typical constituent of this genus. The enzymatic activity of α-glucosidase was compared to acarbose and antilipase compared to orlistrat. No highlights were presented with enzymatic changes. A halo of bacterial inhibition was presented by the extinction of copaíba for the S. mutans strain. The results obtained indicated the presence of adulterant diluents such as linoleic acid in copaiba extinction, in addition to promising cytotoxic activities of copaiba deletion for the MRC5 lineage and Protium extinction for the HEPG2 tumor lineage. Low antibacterial antibody was observed for residues against the evaluated strains. The results reinforce the importance of adding economic value to extinction, with potential for other activities.