Variabilidade no aporte de sedimentos do Rio Purus: avaliação por sensores remotos e aspectos observacionais

Abstract

The Purus river one of the major tributaries of Solimões river, stretchs over almost 2770 km, extends across twenty one municipalities, thirteen in Acre state and eight in Amazonas state. This river drains an area of approximately 370.100,00 km2, 73% in Amazonas state, 21% in Acre state, 5,5% in Peru and 0,5%in Bolivia. Its sources are in Peru all but 500 meters high and flows into Solimões 200 km above Manaus. With others tributaries of Solimões’s right bank, it drains the Fitzcarraldo Arc which represents the most inner deformation due to the contact of Nazca and Southamerican plates in South America’s western coast. The dynamics of formation and erosion of this basin is not well studied yet if compared with neighboring basins of Ucayali and Madeira rivers. The aim of this paper is to present some insights over hydrological and sedimentological dynamics of Purus river. Recently, Martinez et al. (2009) using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) showed that is possible to monitor Amazon river’s sediment concentration and realize the balance between sediment discharge and time series of many years. The water’s optical properties are strongly influenced by the sediments (type and chemical contents). The satellite’s images from 2000 (MODIS images available) will be calibrated with radiometric data and sediments’ samples from Purus near Beruri and Paricatuba community. It’s also important to investigate and qualify the relationship between reflectance measured by satellite and water sediments in Purus river basin that is geomorphologically diverse compared to Solimões/Amazon river