Piscicultura e assistência técnica na Amazônia Ocidental

Abstract

The North is the promises of the national aquaculture sector, therefore, has an abundance of freshwater, species diversity and the highest average per capita consumption of fish in Brazil. The Amazon was the first state in the Northern Region to encourage fish farming with the creation of the Programa de Desenvolvimento da Aquicultura in the 80's. Due to logistical issues of accessibility to specialized technical assistance, dissemination of technology, ease the flow of production and inputs most of aquaculture production in the state is in the metropolitan region of Manaus. Given the above, the objective of the research is to characterize the fish and technical assistance focused on activity in the metropolitan region of Manaus. For that they were conducted 109 interviews with semi-structured questionnaire aid. Among the fish farmers interviewed 74.31% said integrating males. In relation to labor in 44.04% it was identified as a family, in 53.21% family-diarist or family employee, and 2.75% the manpower used was fixed employee. Fish farming is carried out on average 2 (± 4.27) years. Excavated ponds and dams were the most widely used farming systems, totaling 266 modules cultivation, with 52.06 ha of water surface. The stream channels, tanks and networks masonry nurseries totaled 6165m³. Cultured species are Colossoma macropomum (82.79%), amazonicus brycon (20,12%), the Arapaima gigas (5.84%), brachypomus Pairactus (0.65%), Hypostomus plecostomus (2.92%), Cichla spp. (0.65) and Oreochromis niloticus (0.32%). In 40.36% of cases the producers only use commercial feed for feeding the cultivated species, 51.38% is used for both feed when replacement feeding and 8.26% is provided only alternative power. The trading price varied with the weight and cultivated species. The fish produced is often sold in the neighborhood group (42.57%) and intermediate (28.71%). Technical assistance is a service provided by various actors, and for 96.33% of the respondents was evidenced as a free service, provided by government agents. More than half of respondents (51.38%) consider the technical guidelines of good quality.