Educação Física na fase creche mediando pelos jogos as práticas sociais

Abstract

This is an interdisciplinary study, which seeks to understand Physical Education as one of the educational elements in the process of social practices in children, from 01 to 03 years of age, so they are inserted in the world of School Education in the day care phase. From birth, the individual goes through complex processes that go, such as biological changes to the internalization of social rules that help the human being to regulate their behavior for group living. But for this the human being as a child needs the adult, who is already in this process, to learn to control his impulses and emotions, and in that interchange gradually adjusting his temperament, which is reflected in his behavior. In light of these considerations, the objective of this research was to investigate in the Physical Education classes the interaction of children from one to three years of age attending the Municipal Nursery Professor Eliana de Freitas Moraes located in the city of Manaus, verifying at the moment of the game the process of social practices. The methodological path covered was developed through a qualitative approach, seeking to interpret the actions of children, since we know that values and attitudes can not be quantified. For this the field research could provide us with a greater interaction with the object to be studied and the research participants, because we had the opportunity to spend four months in direct contact with each group. We used the technique of direct observation of children's behavior at the time of interaction in Physical Education classes and a notebook for recording the social characteristics of children during these relationships, describing the mechanisms used by the group to adjust child behavior with practice of respect, care, etc. We conducted semi-structured interviews with the teachers responsible for the participating classes and applied games in Physical Education classes. We could conclude that in Physical Education classes children are given games that stimulate the development of motor skills, such as balance, strength, agility, among others, gradually helping them to control their movements within the limits of locomotion in the social space. With the improvement of its motor control, the child can enjoy a displacement that at the same time gives him freedom to assist him in his relationship with the other within a reciprocal sharing of that social space, and thereby contributes to the understanding of significance of observation of respect, of care, of group work, of cooperation in the organization of social space, which in a relationship of interdisciplinarity with pedagogical guidance, teaches the child in its dynamics. With this, the child who is in an egocentric phase socializes, learning social rules expressed at the time of the game, and even if at the beginning does not understand these rules right, with time within a process, they internalize the information, passing to reproduce the attitudes expected of an individual in a social environment.