Capacidade funcional de idosos do município de Coari, Amazonas

Abstract

The rapid and progressive increase of the elderly in the world population incites the discussion about incapacitating events, as well as the need to maintain autonomy and independence of the elderly and consequently greater functional capacity. Aging is characterized by a progressive and dynamic process, associated with sociodemographic, economic, epidemiological and behavioral factors. . This phenomenon involves a higher prevalence of morbidity and disability, which may have an impact on the individual's functional decline. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of dependence for Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and its associated factors in elderly residents of the urban area of the municipality of Coari, Amazonas. Conducted a cross-sectional population-based study with 268 individuals aged over 60 years in the city of both sexes, living in households in the urban area of the municipality of Coari, AM. The data collection was conducted among the months of October 2013 to February 2015, divided into two stages: the first was conducted through individual interviews in households belonging to the census tract previously randomly selected, then the invitation these elderly for specific assessments in laboratories of the Institute of Health and Biotechnology (IHB) (ISB-Coari) Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM). Therefore, there was the application of structured guidelines with relacionas questions sociodemographic conditions, general health, as well as specific assessments of the presence of cognitive deficit, through the Mini Mental State Exam, functional capacity by Katz Scale and Lawton Index. The prevalence of dependence found for ADLs was 17.2% for the basic activities and 61.9% in instrumental activities. In the multiple regression model Poisson, dependence for the basic activities was associated with risk consumption of alcohol (p<0,002) (RP = 2,603; IC95%: 1,414-4,792) and cognitive function (p<0,013) (RP=0,927; IC95%: 0,873- 0,984), while for the instrumental activities of daily living was no significant association only for cognitive function (p<0,001) (RP= 0,967; IC95%: 0,948 - 0,987). It was found a high number of dependents for the activities of daily living, with predominance of the instrumental activities are associated with cognitive function and risk consumption of alcohol to ADL and cognitive function to the IADL. The investigation of the functional capacity and the factors associated with the aging process is necessary for the planning of health promotion actions and maintenance of the functional capacity of this population.