O conhecimento dos pacientes acerca da tuberculose: um estudo de caso controle, Manaus-AM

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease to chronic disease, mainly caused by the Koch bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), is a disease in which ancient remains a significant public health problem. Objective: To assess the degree of patient information about tuberculosis is a factor associated with treatment noncompliance in Basic Health Units (BHU) and a Reference Center Pulmonology Clinic. Methods: A case-control study with 126 patients, 42 cases in re-treatment dropouts or concluded in 2011 retreatment seen at the Reference Center for Pulmonology Clinic of Manaus-Am, and 84 controls in the 6th first month of treatment attended in Basic Health Units For data collection, we performed a study of primary data through a structured interview instrument utulizando The survey and secondary data through Information Sheet for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) . Data were analyzed using Epi Info 3.5.3 and Stata 9.2. Analysis of factors associated with dropout was performed with application of the test χ ² test or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression. Results: No significant differences between cases and controls in the following variables: gender, age, race / ethnicity, marital status, education, occupation and income. With respect to clinical and demographic characteristics, there was significant difference in the tuberculin skin test (P <0.05), sputum smear microscopy first sample (P <0.05), sputum smear microscopy second sample (P <0.05) the sputum culture (P <0.05) and HIV test (P <0.05). In Article 2, no significant difference between cases and controls for socioeconomic factors and sources of information on tuberculosis. In adjusted analysis, significant differences in terms of knowledge (OR = 3.6, CI = 2.2 to 5.98), home visits by professionals (OR = 3.3, CI = 1.8 to 6.09), lack the consultation (OR = 5.1, CI = 3.02 to 8.8), the return period of consultation (OR = 6.05, CI = 3.3 to 11.03), smoking (OR = 4.02 CI = 2.4 to 6.7) and HIV (OR = 3.2, CI = 1.9 to 5.5). Conclusion: There are significant differences pointing to an unfavorable profile cases retreatment compared to patients nearing completion of treatment. The study also showed that most cases have limited knowledge about their disease when compared with controls, and this may indicate those responsible for health education, monitoring of tuberculosis patients in order to invest more in activities that lead the patient to understand the disease and its treatment and thus obtain their membership.