Climatologia e conforto térmico do espaço urbano: Um estudo de caso do município de Humaitá-AM, entre 2016 a 2020

Abstract

Climatic situations may undergo some changes due to vegetation cover, urbanization, agriculture and livestock activities, among others. The municipality of Humaitá has been experiencing growth in several sectors in recent years and this brings a reflection on how some environmental situations have been planned, as it directly and/or indirectly can cause human beings to vary in environmental thermal comfort. The present work gathered a five-year database, encompassing climatological variables, relative humidity, precipitation and air temperature in order to analyze their variation in this period, calculate their values and apply them in equations that define the level of human comfort and/or discomfort for the population. The objective was to study how different occupations of space in the urban area influence the behavior of climatological variables int the municipality of Humaitá-AM, aiming to understand how this interaction acts under the external environmental thermal comfort in the routine activities of the population. Then the data were evaluated both in the dry and rainy season, in addition to proposing suggestions for urban planning and development in the environmental area that encompasses the city´s green areas. Data were collected from the Climate Data Store (CDS) which provides an ERA5 climatological dataset. The entire statistical process of data analysis was carried out in Microsoft Excel, where we obtained results of maximum and minimum values, means, standard deviation and standard error. After this step, the Thermal Discomfort Index (TDI) and the Temperature and Humidity Index (ITU) were calculated. These indices only consider situations in the external environment to define their results. The results showed us that the climatological variables had at times maximum values well above normal, however the average of these variables had a normality within the local climate of the municipality. The variation of IDT and ITU was shown in the vast majority of standardized months, the variation of their results was verified with emphasis on dry and rainy periods.