Perfil antropométrico e alimentar de professores do ensino fundamental em 16 municípios do Estado do Amazonas

Abstract

The evaluation of nutritional status has as goal to identify the nutritional disorders with intention to make possible an adequate intervention and to assist in the recovery and/or maintenance of the status of health of the individuals. Thus, the nutritional status can be measured mainly by anthropometrics and dietary parameters. The objective of the present study was to analyze the anthropometric and alimentary profile in teachers of basic education in 16 cities of the interior of Amazon. Participated for free demand, 1,691 teachers with 18 years or more and both sex, they were enrolled in the program of mediated actual education (PROFORMAR), in the period July to September of 2003. The participants had been evaluated according to body mass index (BMI) from standardized procedures during the activities in the course. The data on the alimentary consumption had been registered in the 24h recall questionnaire (R24h) being also enclosed the variable such as weight, height, city of origin, age and gender. For analysis of the alimentary intakes it was constructed a food list including only items that had showed a percentage equal or bigger 10% report of alimentary frequency consumption. The data had been tabulated in Epi Info 6.0 and analyzed in the Statistical Analysis Systems® program, stratifying according to sex and city. The results showed a total of 1,391 participants (25.66% men and 74.33% women) evaluated. Malnutrition showed important percentages only in some cities (33.33% men and 13.79% women). The overweight was prevalent in the majority of the interior cities, in both the sex (31.13% men and 29.11% women) and the obesity showed minor frequency (8.88% women and 8.96% men), but it was present in almost all the evaluated interior cities. But, it was not different among sex (P>0,005). The dietary evaluation showed a low consumption of fruits and regional vegetables, milk and derivatives foods and poor about the variety of animal food consumption. The caloric food distributions disclosed to caloric adequacy in both the sex. However, it was observed a high consumption of carbohydrates and proteins, but deficient in of lipid consumptions and fibers. The vitamin consumption, mainly acid folic was lower in both the sex. The vitamin C deficiency was observed only between the women. Moreover, the mineral consumption such as calcium and magnesium showed deficient, in both sex. The present research suggest that the overweight was the more prevalent nutritional problems among teachers of basic education of the 16 interior cities from Amazon and it alerts for the acquisition of good alimentary habits, over all for choice of food sources of vitamin, also the vegetables adequate in minerals and in macronutrients in order to prevent co-morbidities associated with food disorders.