Utilização de resíduos da bananicultura para o cultivo de cogumelo, biopolpação celulósica e produção de papel

Abstract

Brazil is one of the largest producers of pulp in the world and the first major producer of bleached eucalyptus hardwood, on the other hand, imports a large amount of long fiber to produce papers with greater resistance, which represent a large portion of world consumption. Despite all the profit involved in the paper industry, it has been constantly under pressure to use less environmentally harmful techniques as a result of worrying impacts on the atmosphere due to the use of highly hazardous chemicals. In this sense, alternatives have been studied with a view to mitigating the impacts caused by the pulp and paper industry, including the use of abundant raw materials produced by the agricultural sector, such as straw, seeds and production residues. Among these, banana residues are highlighted by the large volume of residues generated during the separation of fruits, such as stems and pseudostem, which are used largely as fertilizer in banana plants. Biotechnological processes involving agro-industrial raw materials have been intensified with the aim of forming new products, adding value or improving the final product. In this sense, bioprocesses involving lignolytic enzyme-producing basidiomycete fungi have been investigated as an alternative for biopulps production or applied in the fiber bleaching process, due to its lignin biodegrading enzymatic potential, in order to create alternatives to the pulp and paper sector. . From this perspective, the biodegradation performed by this group of fungus has been increasingly successful and has shown its importance in mitigating the environmental impacts caused by the pulp and paper industry. Therefore, considering the importance of this subject in the biotechnological and environmental scope, this paper aims to evaluate the use of Pleurotus ostreatus for cultivation, cellulosic biopolyping and paper production using banana pseudostem and stalk, promoting waste bioconversion in value-added products. , such as mushroom, biopoly and paper. Thus, the study was divided into 1 - Literature review; 2 - Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in different banana residues, including the following steps: Physicochemical, mineral analysis, centesimal composition of substrates made from banana residues, post-cultivation substrates and mushrooms grown on different substrates from such residues, as well as biological efficiency, yield and loss of organic matter; 3 - Enzymatic activity and lignocellulosic profile during the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in banana residues, addressing analysis of extractives, lignin and cellulose of pre and post cultivation substrates, 4 - Production of pulp and paper from banana residues.