Proposta de utilização de toras ocas de espécies arbóreas da Amazônia para o manejo florestal sustentável

Abstract

The exploitation of hollow trees is a common activity in the Amazon region, which is one of the main factors of the low volumetric yield of wood in the sawmills. For forest management to be sustainable, it is necessary to adopt new techniques for the reduction of forest residues. Thus, this research had as objective to evaluate the technological potential of hollow log wood in the production of artifacts. A survey of the diagnosis of occurrence of hollow logs in the sawmill yard and forest exploitation data of two areas of a company based in Itacoatiara-AM was carried out. In the courtyard, the species Vatairea paraenses, Ocotea rubra and Andira parviflora had greater occurrence of hollow individuals, while in the exploration data, the species were: Dinizia excelsa, Tabebuia serratifolia and Caryocar villosum. The average frequency for the occurrence of hollow trees was 6.2%, showing a representative value of the exploitation of these trees. With this, a volume of 2.42 m³ in logs was donated, which, during the unfolding of the wood, were found Coleoptera of the family Cerambycidae. The characterization of the wood was made by the anatomical identification, chemical and physical analyzes, being these confirmed to the species of Astronium lecointei Ducke. The pieces of wood obtained in the main unfolding were distributed to three specialists, in the followings of furniture, Lutheria and Design. The products obtained in the research were: tables for 6 and 4 seats, chairs, benches, charangos, frames, lamp and a decorative item. The total yield of the wood volume for the products was 53.54%, which is higher than that required by the legislation in the conversion of log to sawn wood. The economic analysis showed a possible positive profitability in the sales valuation of the products, since costs ranged from R $ 171.32 to R $ 3,815.27. The energy obtained for burning the wood was 5.5897 kWh, generating a consumption value equal to R $ 5.26. In this way, it is shown the feasibility of the use of hollow wood to produce products with fine finish and high added value, since the volumetric yield and the technological properties of the wood were favorable, making sustainable the practice of the forest management in the Amazon.