Feridas nos pés de pessoas com diabetes e seus impactos sobre a qualidade de vida

Abstract

The Wound Version of Ferrans and Powers about the Life Quality Rate (IQVFP-VF) was firstly applied in diabetic people with wound on the foot. The lack of specific studies made in Brazil on life quality (QV) about this population has been a motivation for this paper to be carried out, which aims at – a) describing the socio-demographic profile of the diabetic patients with wounds on the foot; b) to correlate the QV scores according to its sociodemographic characteristics e; c) to describe the clinic characteristics, related to Diabetes mellitus (DM). This study has been descriptive, transversal, carried out through interviews and IQVFP-VF application on people who have been assisted in three different public services in Manaus-AM, where two in ambulatories and one at an internment sector of vascular surgery. The IQVFP-VF was built up and certified by Yamada (2006) and it is constituted of 70 items divided into four dominions: Health/Functioning (SF), Socioeconomics (SE), Psychological/Spiritual (PE), and Family (Fa). Initially the study received the author’s instrument authorization, also a favorable opinion of the Amazon Federal University - UFAM’s Ethic Committee, and the Hospitals’ authorization for datum gathering. There was a predominance of: men (54%); average age of 59,65 years old; people in stable matrimony (47,5%); Catholics (82%); dismissal from labor activities because of the wound (36%). About the clinical conditions there was: DM predominance type 2; average age of 9,89 years old for the time with the DM; use of oral hypoglycemia and balanced alimentation as a way to control glucose. Concerning to the wound it was verified: 1,19 wound average; 29,5% of the samples had a wound unleashing factor, the bruise by cutting/perforating object when walking bare foot; 31,1% with amputation. For a better results discussion it was used adistributed categorization in such a way that “zero” indicates very bad QV and 30 very good QV. Concerning to the QV, we had an average scores of 20,66 (±5,29) for IQVT. The most affected dominion was the Health/Functioning with an average score of 17,07 (±6,46) and with the highest score the PE with the average of 25,96 (±6,12). There was not correlation among the variables: professional activity, age, number of wounds, time with the DM; with the IQVT. There was a positive, but weak, correlation between family income (r=0,11), sex (r=0,11), time with the wound (r=0,11) and a strong correlation among amputation (r=0,49) and IQVT and its dominion. Patient in stable matrimony situation had an average higher than the others under Fa dominion (p=0,045). There was no meaningful difference either among intern patients and the ones who had been assisted at the ambulatories in the IQVT nor in its dominions. In conclusion, it has been attested that the IQVFP-VF is adequate to assess the diabetics’ life quality with wounds on the feet, and this population has shown to have a life quality considered “good”, but it has shown low score in the Health/Functioning dominion showing that the wound on the diabetic’s foot is a complication from the DM that has negative impact over these people’s life quality.