Treinamento multicomponente baseado na PSE associado ao tratamento fisioterapêutico institucional: efeitos na capacidade físico funcional e composição corporal de idosos institucionalizados- ensaio clínico aleatório controlado

Abstract

Multicomponent training (MCT) has gained space in long-term care institutions as a way to improve functional physical capacity, cognition and quality of life of elderly people living in nursing homes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of CMT based on RPE associated with the institutionalized physiotherapy program compared to the group that only maintained activities linked to physiotherapeutic treatment on the functional physical capacity and body composition of institutionalized elderly. Twenty-three older adults (12♀) were randomly allocated in blocks according to their classification level in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) into a control group (CG, n = 11) and multicomponent training group (GTM, n = 12). Outcome measures were evaluated by SPPB: balance test, 4m gait speed test and time to get up and down from the chair in 5 repetitions. In addition, to assess the risk of falling, the Timed up and go test and a 6m gait speed test, both single and dual-task, were applied. Body composition analysis was performed using a 50Hz tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures (time x group) with post hoc Bonferroni test (p≤0.05) was applied to analyze the primary outcome. There was no difference between groups (F (1.15) = 1.853; p= 0.194; ηp2 = 0.110) for the final score of the SPPB, only the test of getting up and sitting down 5 times showed differences for the group (GTM < GC , F (1.15) =6.065; p=0.027; ηp2 = 0.302). The TUG test showed a difference for GTM (U=13.000; p=0.027). There was also no difference between groups for body composition variables (p>0.05). The multicomponent training program associated with the institutional physiotherapy program produces responses in functional components that can improve and/or maintain activities of daily living, as well as factors related to the risk of falls in institutionalized elderly.

KEYWORDS: Elderly, Physical Activity for the Elderly, Institutionalization