A degradação ambiental decorrente da construção do Ramal da Água Preta/Areal, Zona Rural de Manaus/Amazonas

Abstract

This dissertation’s main objective is to understand the environmental issues associated with Água Preta (Areal, km 32 of AM 0-10, to km 10 of BR-174), located outside of Manaus, Amazonas. The procedures and techniques used to develop this abstract included relevant documentary research and scientific literature, as well as the use of a Geographic Information System. The GIS was used to map the study area, to direct field observation and to identify and characterize environmental issues which are based on the morphodyjnamic analysis of Tricart (1977). The research covers understanding the environmental degradation resulting from the construction of the Água Preta / Areal branch line, which connects Km 32 of Highway AM-010 to Km 10 of Highway BR-174, in the rural area of the municipality of Manaus / AM. The construction of a branch is an anthropic action that acts in the alteration of the relief and water courses. These vicinals are the main means of connection between urban and rural areas, many of these extensions do not have good traffic conditions. The disordered use and occupation of the soil in the research area generated and continues to cause several environmental damages, such as irregular sand removal, loss of vegetation, erosion processes and obstruction of the river channels that are cut by the branch. Considering the ecodynamic analysis, of the branch or rural road, the main anthropic actions that cause changes in the natural system, sand extraction, erosion, silting, damming of water courses and disordered maintenance, present certain environmental fragility, as shown in the map ecodynamic units in the area.