Prevalência de eventos estressantes e traumáticos no exercício laboral de Bombeiros Militares na Cidade de Manaus/AM

Abstract

Introduction: Occupational stress refers to psychological disorders or psycho-emotional suffering caused by experiences in the work environment, in addition to being related to inadequate adaptation mechanisms in the face of stressful events. Therefore, military firefighters working in stressful or traumatic situations require, in addition to the physical demand, a very large psychological demand to deal with such situations, which at the same time puts them at risk and psychological vulnerability. Objective: To identify the most prevalent stressful and traumatic events in the work of military firefighters in the city of Manaus, Amazonas. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, carried out with 252 military firefighters from CBMAM who were not working in the city of Manaus/AM. Descriptive and exploratory statistics of all study variables were used for data analysis, which are presented through absolute and relative frequency distribution tables. The analyzes were carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical test, which made it possible to evaluate the significance between the proportions of exposure to occupational traumatic events, considering a 5% level of significance, given the lack of normality in the scores obtained. through the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. Results: Regarding the descriptive analysis of the LET-PE, it is highlighted that (35.3%) of military firefighters working at work have already experienced some stressful or traumatic situation. The most prevalent traumatic event experienced by these professionals was the death of a child (31.0%). The final score of the LET-PE instrument varied between 15 and 42 points, with the average score being 20.5, and in relation to general conditions related to mental health (24.2%) had faced some psychological or mental problem. Conclusion: The study made it possible to characterize the sociodemographic, economic and work profile, in addition to verifying the general conditions related to mental health and identifying the stressful or traumatic event that most bothered these professionals working in the city of Manaus/AM. The prevalence, even if small, of psychiatric or psychological problems in the research population is evident, strengthening the hypothesis that occupational stress and traumatic events are associated with a greater risk of developing CMD.