Análise temporal do uso da terra em áreas rurais no município de Humaitá, Sul do Amazonas

Abstract

The discussion about sustainable development in the Amazon Biome is rising after several cases of deforestation and fires that have been affecting the region. Humaitá, a city located in the south of the state of Amazonas, is located in an agricultural frontier region under pressure to expand agricultural activities. It is essential to develop alternatives that can manage the opening of areas for production in a sustainable sense and, at the same time, improve the primary sector in the southern region of Amazonas. Therefore, this research aimed to temporally analyze the development of the rural landscape in natural fields in the municipality of Humaitá-AM. The images of the municipality were imported into the MapBiomas website using the Google Earth Engine tool (collection 8) in GeoTiff format with a spatial resolution of 90 meters. The temporality operates between the years 1992 to 2022 (with a 10-year interval) to observe the spatial dynamics and growth of agricultural areas, which have operated in the municipality of Humaitá-AM. The analyzes and discussions were based on the focus on government participation in the opening of areas for agriculture, the local biome, and the political and social context of the region. The dynamics of the rural landscape in the municipality of Humaitá over the 30 years of temporality, showed changes in small locations to the north and west of the municipality. Despite the joint results, the dynamics of the landscape in indigenous territories did not cause negative impacts on land use in Humaitá-AM in the temporal transition, as the expansion occurred mainly in areas destined for settlements. The results of use and coverage of Humaitá-AM between 1992 and 2022 demonstrate a change in vegetation cover due to the opening of areas for pasture, with evidence between the period from 2012 to 2022.