Análises em múltiplas resoluções taxonômicas revelam pouca influência da fragmentação e regeneração florestal sobre as assembleias de artrópodes em uma paisagem alterada da Amazônia

Abstract

Fragmentation and habitat loss cause increase or decrease of species diversity and abundance. The impacts of such disturbances, however, could be diminished through the regeneration of vegetation after secondary succession. In this study, we evaluate the effects of fragmentation and forest regeneration on the diversity, abundance and taxonomic composition of arthropods in a human-modified landscape in the Central Amazon. The study was carried out in Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project. The process of isolation of fragments and creation of pasture areas occurred in 1980, and the re-isolation of some fragments carried out in the years 1994 and 2000. Collections were carried out during the period from July to December 2018. Arthropods were sampling with Malaise traps distributed in 10-hectares forest fragments, secondary forests and primary continuous forests. We adopted an approach to identify the arthropods in multiple taxonomic resolution including orders (all individual collected), families (only Diptera order) and species (only from Tabanidae family). We collect 25,230 individual from 17 orders, 30 families of Diptera and 31 species from Tabanidae. Coleoptera and Hemiptera were more abundant in secondary forests compared to other habitats. Among the Diptera, only Clusiidae was identified as the indicator of forest fragments. In addition, the Tabanidae species Dichelacera cervicornis was identified as indicator of primary forests. No significant differences were detected in taxonomic composition of arthropods between the three habitats and these results were consistent in all taxonomic resolution adopted. Our results indicate that, although strong environment disturbance affects the studied landscape, the vegetation recovering along the time favoring the arthropods dispersal among habitats. As consequence we detected only subtle differences in the abundance and taxonomic composition of arthropods among the forest fragments, secondary and primary forests.