Avaliação da coleção de Germoplasma de malva ex situ em área de terra firme para a produção de sementes no Amazonas

Abstract

The studies on genetic diversity are an important tool for the conservation of plant genetic resources one of the most important steps for the conservation of genetic resources is the establishment of collections of accesses of the species to be worked. The objective of this work was to characterize Malva accesses from the municipalities of Anamã, Anori, Beruri, Caapiranga, Manacapuru, Manaquiri and Parintins through a collection of ex situ germplasm in terra firme area, aiming to offer subsidies for the genetic improvement of the crop in seed production. Seven accessions were studied, from the collection of Malva of the socioeconomic Center at the Universidade Federal do Amazonas-UFAM ( Federal University of the Amazon-UFAM). We used 42 descriptors, 14 quantitative and 28 qualitative.The algorithm of Gower and Mahalanobis analyzed the data individually and jointly and the grouping methods used were UPGMA and Tocher. There were phenotypic variability among the accessions for the agronomic and morphological characteristics studied. The accesses studied were divided into two groups and it was possible to identify that within the same group there are very similar materials and others with little phenotypic similarity; demonstrating its potential for use in crop breeding programs. The phenological analysis of the accesses showed the existence of materials with medium cycles and materials with long cycles. Therefore, through the characterization, 41 descriptors for the mallow were established, being 13 quantitative and 28 qualitative. The accesses of Anori and Beruri were the most similar and the accesses of Anamã and Parintins, the less similar ones, being the pairs of accesses indicated for the beginning of a program of genetic improvement of the species, in the state of Amazonas.